Communication
Protocols
by “Md Farrukh Asif”
The Communication protocol is a very important fact of the Modern Era. Without communication protocol, we can not send or receive data or content remotely. In this article, I have explored the communication protocol as much as I can.
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Detailed description of the Computer and its Components.
(Input Units)
A Complete and Detailed Definition with examples of Output
Devices (New Tech based)
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) Latest Enquiries
Memory Unit (I/O) Devices by Farrukh
The Basic Terminologies of Computer by Md. Farrukh Asif
Generation of Computer by Md. Farrukh Asif
The Evolution of Computer Languages(Part-I) by Md. Farrukh
Asif
The Evolution of Computer Languages(Part-II) by Md. Farrukh
Asif
Computer Network Topologies
By Md. Farrukh Asif
Communication Protocols
by “Md Farrukh Asif”
Basic Computer's Features and Use by Md. Farrukh Asif
Operating System and its Functionality: by Md. Farrukh Asif
Batch OS and Time Sharing OS by Md. Farrukh Asif
Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS): Explained Simply
The Wider
Use of Microkernel and its Components in OS
Fundamentals of Computer MCQs with Answers
Type of Communication Protocols:
In
the world of technology, vast numbers ofusers communicate with
different devices in different languages. That also includes many ways in which
they transmit data along with the different software they implement. So,
communicating worldwide would not be possible if there were no fixed 'standards'
that would govern the way user communicates for data as well as the way our
devices treat those data. Here we will be discussing this standard set of
rules.
Yes,
we're talking about "protocols" which are sets of rules that help in
governing the way a particular technology will function for communication. In
other words, it can be said that the protocols are digital languages
implemented in the form of networking algorithms. There are different networks
and network protocols, that users use while surfing.
Table of Contents
How Many Types
of Protocols Are?
Various types of protocols support a role in communicating with
different devices across the network. Below are the some common protocols:
Ø
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Ø
Internet Protocol (IP)
Ø
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Ø
Post office Protocol (POP)
Ø
Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
Ø
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Ø
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Ø
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
(HTTPS)
Ø
Telnet
Ø
Gopher
Let's discuss each of them briefly:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):
TCP
is a popular communication protocol that is used for communicating over a
network. It divides any message into a series of packets that are sent from
source to destination and there it gets reassembled at the destination.
Internet Protocol (IP):
IP
is designed explicitly as an addressing protocol. It is mostly used with TCP. The
IP addresses in packets help in routing them through different nodes in a
network until they reach the destination system. TCP/IP is the most popular
protocol connecting the networks.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP):
UDP
is a substitute communication protocol for Transmission Control Protocol
implemented primarily for creating loss-tolerating and low-latency linking
between different applications.
Post office Protocol (POP):
POP3
is designed for receiving incoming E-mails.
Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP):
SMTP
is designed to send and distribute outgoing e-mails.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP):
FTP
allows users to transfer files from one machine to another. Types of files may
include program files, multimedia files, text files, documents, etc.
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP):
HTTP
is designed for transferring a hypertext among two or more systems. HTML tags
are used for creating links. These links may be in any form like text or
images. HTTP is designed on Client-server principles which allow a client
system to establish a connection with the server machine for making a
request. The server acknowledges the request initiated by the client and
responds accordingly.
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS):
HTTPS abbreviated as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure is a standard protocol to
secure communication between two computers one using the browser and the other
fetching data from the web server. HTTP is used for transferring data between the
client browser (request) and the web server (response) in the hypertext format, the same in the case of HTTPS except that the transferring of data is done in an
encrypted format. So it can be said that https spoils hackers from
interpretation or modification of data throughout the transfer of packets.
Telnet:
Telnet
is a set of rules designed for connecting one system with another. The
connecting process here is termed a remote log in. The system that requests
for connection is the local computer, and the system that accepts the
connection is the remote computer.
Gopher:
Gopher
is a collection of rules implemented for searching, retrieving as well as
displaying documents from isolated sites. Gopher also works on the
client/server principle.
Some
Other Protocols
Some
other popular protocols act as co-functioning protocols associated with these
primary protocols for core functioning. These are:
Ø
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
Ø
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol)
Ø
IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol)
Ø
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)
Ø
RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol)
Ø
RLP (Resource Location Protocol)
Ø
RAP (Route Access Protocol)
Ø
L2TP (Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol)
Ø
PPTP (Point To Point Tunnelling
Protocol)
Ø
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
Ø TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
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FAQs on Types of Communication Protocols
1. What are communication protocols?
Communication protocols are a set of rules and conventions that define how data is transmitted between different devices in a network. They ensure that devices can communicate effectively, regardless of differences in their internal processes, data formats, or underlying technologies.
2. Why are communication protocols important?
Communication protocols are essential because they standardize the exchange of information, enabling different devices and systems to interact with each other. Without these protocols, devices would not be able to understand the data being transmitted.
3. What are the main types of communication protocols?
The main types of communication protocols include:
- Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): The fundamental protocol for the internet, handling data transmission between devices.
- HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP/HTTPS): Used for transmitting web pages over the internet.
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Used for transferring files between a client and a server.
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): Used for sending emails.
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP): A simpler, faster protocol than TCP, often used for streaming.
- Bluetooth: A wireless protocol for exchanging data over short distances.
- Wi-Fi: A protocol for wireless networking, enabling devices to connect to the internet.
- Zigbee: A low-power, wireless communication protocol often used in IoT devices.
- Modbus: A protocol commonly used in industrial environments for communication between devices like sensors and controllers.
4. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): A connection-oriented protocol that ensures data is delivered in order and without errors. It is reliable but slower due to its error-checking and recovery mechanisms.
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol): A connectionless protocol that sends data without guaranteeing its delivery. It is faster but less reliable, often used for live streaming or gaming where speed is critical, and some data loss is acceptable.
5. What is the role of HTTP/HTTPS in communication?
- HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): The protocol used for transmitting web pages over the internet. It is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.
- HTTPS (HTTP Secure): An extension of HTTP that uses encryption (via SSL/TLS) to secure data transmission, protecting it from eavesdropping and tampering.
6. What are wireless communication protocols?
Wireless communication protocols enable devices to communicate without physical connections. Examples include:
- Wi-Fi: Used for local area networking and internet access.
- Bluetooth: Used for short-range communication between devices.
- NFC (Near Field Communication): Used for very short-range communication, often in contactless payment systems.
- Zigbee: Used in IoT devices for low-power, low-data-rate communication.
7. What is Modbus?
Modbus is a communication protocol used in industrial environments for communication between electronic devices. It is commonly used in systems like SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) to transmit signals from instruments and control devices.
8. What is the difference between FTP and SFTP?
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): A standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network.
- SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol): An extension of FTP that adds a layer of security by using SSH (Secure Shell) to encrypt the data transfer, ensuring that the data remains confidential and is not tampered with during transmission.
9. How does Zigbee differ from Wi-Fi?
- Zigbee: Designed for low-power, low-data-rate communication, typically used in IoT devices like smart home systems. It has a lower range and data transfer speed compared to Wi-Fi but is more energy-efficient.
- Wi-Fi: Designed for high-speed data transfer and is used for internet access and local area networking. It consumes more power but supports a higher data rate and longer range.
10. What is the role of SMTP in email communication?
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used to send emails from a client to a server or between servers. It works with other protocols like IMAP or POP3, which are used for retrieving emails from a server.
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